aureus strains isolated from the clinical samples, and three reference strains. The EDHB antimicrobial activity was tested against twenty S. The aim of the presented study was to examine in vitro the antibacterial activity of protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate, EDHB) against Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates alone and in the combination with four selected antibiotics. These data suggest the use of OBE as a complementary treatment in liver fibrosis.
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The mechanism of antifibrogenic action of OBE is hypothesized to proceed via scavenging free radicals and activating liver regeneration by induction of HGF. Furthermore, OBE was highly effective in stimulating HGF mRNA and protein expression and inhibiting CCl 4-induced CYP2E1 down-regulation. Reduced collagen deposition and α-SMA immuopositive cells indicated an abrogation of hepatic stellate cell activation by OBE. OBE successfully attenuated liver injury, as shown by histopathology, decreased serum transaminases and improved oxidative status of the liver.
Expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and cytochrome P450 (CYP2EI isoform) was estimated using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Liver fibrosis was assessed histopathologically by Masson’s trichrome staining and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunostaining. Oxidative damage was assessed by the measurement of MDA, NO, SOD, CAT, GSH and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
Three groups of rats were used: group I (control), group II (CCl 4 model) and group III (OBE-treated) received CCl 4 and OBE 2 weeks after the start of CCl 4 administration. The current investigation aimed to evaluate the antifibrogenic potential of Ocimum basilicum essential oil (OBE) and further to explore some of its underlying mechanisms.